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To minimize possible differences with the general working population, data are stratified or adjusted by the principal variables, particularly sex. 13 In the present study, subjects were also stratified by geographical region defined according to age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality rates obtained from the Spanish Atherosclerosis Society's (SEA) 2003 report 1: low mortality (200 cases per 100 000 person/years: Andalusia, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Valencian Autonomous Region, and Murcia). Figure 1 shows the distribution of the study population by age and sex, and Table 1 shows the main demographic and employment characteristics of the study population in comparison with the Spanish working population as a whole.
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Two-thirds of subjects were under 40 years of age. The mean age of subjects included was 36.4 years (37.0 years in males and 34.9 years in females), with a range of 16 to 74 years. Cases with missing data or atypical values which could not be checked were excluded. Of those, 216 914 workers for whom complete information was available to assess cardiovascular risk were included in the analysis. The present paper reports on the prevalence of CRF based on the results of check-up standard.Ī total of 321 308 workers who received a check-up between and 31 March 2005 were initially included. In the first phase of the Plan, workers receive a medical check-up which includes anamnesis using a structured questionnaire, a standard physical examination, and laboratory tests.
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The present study forms part of Ibermutuamur's Cardiovascular Risk Prevention Plan which was initiated in 2004 and is systematically applied to all workers attending any of Ibermutuamur's regional offices. Ibermutuamur provides coverage to over 1 100 000 workers, and carries out more than 400 000 medical check-ups annually. This was an analytic study of the prevalence of CRF in workers covered by Ibermutuamur, a mutual insurance fund run by the Social Security which provides occupational health care and safety services and which has offices in all of the autonomous regions in Spain. Percentages represent the proportion of subjects by sex within each age group. Distribution of the study population by sex and age group. Hay una alta prevalencia de factores de riesgo en la población laboral española, especialmente en varones y en determinados sectores de actividad.įigure. Con respecto al sector «servicios», y tras ajustar por factores de confusión, los trabajadores del sector industria y sobre todo de la construcción mostraron una mayor prevalencia de elevación de la presión arterial y, especialmente, de tabaquismo. Durante el reconocimiento se detectó la presencia de tabaquismo en el 49,3% (el 51,3% varones y el 43,8% mujeres), presión arterial elevada (≥ 140/90 mmHg) en el 22,1% (el 27,0% varones y el 8,8% mujeres), obesidad (índice de masa corporal ≥ 30) en el 15,5% (el 18,3% varones y el 13,3% mujeres), hiperglucemia (> 110 mg/dl) en el 6,2% (el 7,8% varones y el 1,9% mujeres) y alguna forma de dislipidemia (colesterol total ≥ 200 mg/dl, cLDL ≥ 160 mg/dl, triglicéridos ≥ 200 mg/dl o cHDL < 40 mg/dl en varones o < 50 mg/dl en mujeres) en el 64,2%. Tenían diagnóstico previo de enfermedad cardiovascular el 0,7%, de hipertensión arterial el 6,2%, de diabetes el 1,2% y de dislipidemia el 8,9%. Se incluyó a 216.914 trabajadores (edad media, 36,4 años intervalo, 16-74 años el 73,1% eran varones) en los que se realizó un reconocimiento en una mutua laboral, que incluyó un cuestionario estructurado, una exploración física y determinaciones bioquímicas. El presente estudio investiga la prevalencia de factores de riesgo vascular en la población laboral española. Los reconocimientos de la salud de los trabajadores constituyen una oportunidad de detección precoz de factores de riesgo vascular.